Defoliation constrains xylem and phloem functionality.
Identifieur interne : 000A39 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A38; suivant : 000A40Defoliation constrains xylem and phloem functionality.
Auteurs : Rachel M. Hillabrand [Canada] ; Uwe G. Hacke [Canada] ; Victor J. Lieffers [Canada]Source :
- Tree physiology [ 1758-4469 ] ; 2019.
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Abstract
Insect defoliation contributes to tree mortality under drought conditions. Defoliation-induced alterations to the vascular transport structure may increase tree vulnerability to drought; however, this has been rarely studied. To evaluate the response of tree vascular function following defoliation, 2-year-old balsam poplar were manually defoliated, and both physiological and anatomical measurements were made after allowing for re-foliation. Hydraulic conductivity measurements showed that defoliated trees had both increased vulnerability to embolism and decreased water transport efficiency, likely due to misshapen xylem vessels. Anatomical measurements revealed novel insights into defoliation-induced alterations to the phloem. Phloem sieve tube diameter was reduced in the stems of defoliated trees, suggesting reduced transport capability. In addition, phloem fibers were absent, or reduced in number, in stems, shoot tips and petioles of new leaves, potentially reducing the stability of the vascular tissue. Results from this study suggest that the defoliation leads to trees with increased risk for vascular dysfunction and drought-induced mortality through alterations in the vascular structure, and highlights a route through which carbon limitation can influence hydraulic dysfunction.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz029
PubMed: 30901057
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Defoliation-induced alterations to the vascular transport structure may increase tree vulnerability to drought; however, this has been rarely studied. To evaluate the response of tree vascular function following defoliation, 2-year-old balsam poplar were manually defoliated, and both physiological and anatomical measurements were made after allowing for re-foliation. Hydraulic conductivity measurements showed that defoliated trees had both increased vulnerability to embolism and decreased water transport efficiency, likely due to misshapen xylem vessels. Anatomical measurements revealed novel insights into defoliation-induced alterations to the phloem. Phloem sieve tube diameter was reduced in the stems of defoliated trees, suggesting reduced transport capability. In addition, phloem fibers were absent, or reduced in number, in stems, shoot tips and petioles of new leaves, potentially reducing the stability of the vascular tissue. Results from this study suggest that the defoliation leads to trees with increased risk for vascular dysfunction and drought-induced mortality through alterations in the vascular structure, and highlights a route through which carbon limitation can influence hydraulic dysfunction.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Automated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">30901057</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1758-4469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>39</Volume><Issue>7</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>18</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Defoliation constrains xylem and phloem functionality.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1099-1108</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/treephys/tpz029</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Insect defoliation contributes to tree mortality under drought conditions. Defoliation-induced alterations to the vascular transport structure may increase tree vulnerability to drought; however, this has been rarely studied. To evaluate the response of tree vascular function following defoliation, 2-year-old balsam poplar were manually defoliated, and both physiological and anatomical measurements were made after allowing for re-foliation. Hydraulic conductivity measurements showed that defoliated trees had both increased vulnerability to embolism and decreased water transport efficiency, likely due to misshapen xylem vessels. Anatomical measurements revealed novel insights into defoliation-induced alterations to the phloem. Phloem sieve tube diameter was reduced in the stems of defoliated trees, suggesting reduced transport capability. In addition, phloem fibers were absent, or reduced in number, in stems, shoot tips and petioles of new leaves, potentially reducing the stability of the vascular tissue. Results from this study suggest that the defoliation leads to trees with increased risk for vascular dysfunction and drought-induced mortality through alterations in the vascular structure, and highlights a route through which carbon limitation can influence hydraulic dysfunction.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hillabrand</LastName><ForeName>Rachel M</ForeName><Initials>RM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hacke</LastName><ForeName>Uwe G</ForeName><Initials>UG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lieffers</LastName><ForeName>Victor J</ForeName><Initials>VJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Tree Physiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100955338</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0829-318X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>059QF0KO0R</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014867">Water</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055864" MajorTopicYN="N">Droughts</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052585" MajorTopicYN="Y">Phloem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="N">Trees</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014867" MajorTopicYN="N">Water</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052584" MajorTopicYN="Y">Xylem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">anatomy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">herbivory</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">insect defoliation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">phloem</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">tree physiology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">water transport</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30901057</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">5418526</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpz029</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hillabrand, Rachel M" sort="Hillabrand, Rachel M" uniqKey="Hillabrand R" first="Rachel M" last="Hillabrand">Rachel M. Hillabrand</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Hacke, Uwe G" sort="Hacke, Uwe G" uniqKey="Hacke U" first="Uwe G" last="Hacke">Uwe G. Hacke</name><name sortKey="Lieffers, Victor J" sort="Lieffers, Victor J" uniqKey="Lieffers V" first="Victor J" last="Lieffers">Victor J. Lieffers</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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